Abstract: Flow cytometry is widely applied in immunology and hematology. Difficulties for analyzing brain tissue include complex cell interaction, high-fat induced interference with myelin debris and autofluorescence in brain tissue. Deep investigations on optimizing flow cytometry analysis for brain tissue have been conducted for improving accuracy and reliability, including cell separation, labeling method and data …
Abstract: Principle of Fc block can help to understand when to add Fc blocker during flow cytometry. Antibodies consist of Fab and Fc fragment. The Fab fragment specifically binds with antigens. Except T cells, all leukocytes express Fc receptors(e.g. CD16, CD32, CD64 etc). These receptors specifically bind with Fc fragment, leading to deviated results. Fc …
Abstract: Neutrophils are primary protectors against pathogens. The amount and function are very important for infection prevention. Stimulation of microorganisms produces reactive oxygen species(ROS), releasing neutrophil elastase(NE) and myeloperoxidase(MPO). Cleavage of histones by NE promotes chromatin condensation. Binding between MPO and chromatin enhances unfolding of structure. Finally, chromatin and anti-microbial proteins make up of neutrophil …
Abstract: Hyperuricemia is the excessive uric acid or decreased excretion induced metabolic disease, showing increased uric acid level in the blood. It’s the important pathogenic factor of arthrolithiasis, and closely relevant to hypertension, diabetes and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Deeper investigation on uric acid metabolism can help to explore its role in various diseases, providing new targeted …
Abstract: Overnight antibody staining is suitable for detecting weakly expressed antigen or low affinity antibody. Extended incubation duration can improve antigen-antibody binding, signal resolution, sensitivity and data accuracy. Besides, overnight staining can help to decrease background interference, experimental variability and antibody volume. Overnight staining can obviously improve detection effects of complex sample, stability and reproducibility. …
Abstract: Tandem dyes consist of covalently-bonded donor and acceptor fluorescent molecule, transferring energy to expand fluorescent choice of flow cytometry via FRET effects. Applications are wide but stability is poor. FRET efficiency is lower than 100%, often accompanied with fluorescent leakage in donor(e.g. PE signal in PE-Cy7). Besides, illumination or oxygen radicals can destroy acceptor …
Abstract: Atopic dermatitis(AD) is the chronic relapsing inflammatory dermatosis with severe pruritus and recurrent rash, greatly affecting patients’ quality of life. This disease coexists with some atopic disorders(e.g. hypersensitive rhinitis, asthma etc), showing abnormal features of immune system. Urgent treatment demands for moderate and severe patients are relief of persistent pruritus, rapid control of skin …
Abstract: Fluorescence spectral overlap usually leads to signal crosstalk in multicolor microscope and flow cytometry, referred to as fluorescence leakage. Fluorescence compensation is the key step in multicolor flow cytometry, and can ensure data accuracy, reliability and authenticity via correcting spectral overlap among different dyes and removing signal interference. Keywords: Fluorescence Compensation, Multicolor Flow Cytometry, …
Abstract: Autofluorescence is the natural fluorescence produced by irradiation of specific molecules in cells and tissues at specific wavelength. Common endogenous fluorescent substances are NADH, Flavin coenzyme, vitamin and proteins containing aromatic amino acids. Autofluorescence also occurs in extracellular collagens, lipofuscin, plants and alga(e.g. chlorophyll, flavone and carotenoids). Interference with signal detection in flow …
Abstract: Interleukin-23(IL-23) is the important pro-inflammatory cytokine of IL-12 family, mainly produced by macrophages and dendritic cells. IL-23 consists of IL-12p40 and IL-23p19. Binding with IL-23 receptor activates cell signaling and promotes proliferation and differentiation of Th17 cells, which is very important for autoimmune diseases. Thus, IL-23 pathway promotes immune response via activating immune cells …
