KD/KO Validation

Quality of antibodies used in ELISA kits plays an important role in scientific research and clinical applications, affecting the reliability and reproducibility of assay results. Gene Knockout(KO) or Knockdown(KD) technology can validate specificity, sensitivity and functionality. Signal of antibodies deficient in target protein samples and wild samples is weak(or disappears) and detectable respectively, validating the high specificity. Thus, the cross-reaction can be effectively avoided. The validation strategy obviously improve the antibody reliability, ensuring life science research and in vitro diagnostics.

Knockout(KO)

Knockout(KO) is the genetic manipulation method inactivating the target gene via transfer of foreign DNA fragments into host cells, using technologies like homologous recombination, CRISPR-Cas9 etc. Features are permanent change of genome sequence and complete removal of specific gene function. Common applications include researches on necessity of genes, long-term biological effect or disease model development. Since the gene function is completely and irreversibly blocked, the biological function of this gene can be inferred from observing phenotypic variation of organism. KO is the important method for functional genomics research.

Knockout(KO)

Knockdown(KD)

Knockdown(KD) partially decreases the expression level of specific gene and maintains the DNA sequence via technologies such as RNA interference. Unlike Knockout(KO), Knockdown(KD) is reversible and temporal. It’s suitable for essential gene research or dynamic regulation process. Features are partially inhibited gene expression instead of complete removal. Common applications include initial screening of gene function and possible cell death induced by complete Knockout. Knockdown(KD) is the important tool for functional research.

Knockdown(KD)

Role of KD/KO Validation in Experiments

Elimination of False Positive

KO/KD validation can effectively recognize non-specific antibody binding. Signal of antibodies deficient in target protein samples and wild samples disappears and is normal respectively, showing the signal source is target protein. The risk of false positive obviously decrease.

Verification of Antibody Applicability

KO/KD validation in different samples can verify the specificity of antibody in various applications(e.g. Western blot, IHC, IP etc), ensuring its wide applicability.

Improved Data Reliability

Leading journals usually require for validated KO/KD data, which can obviously improve the reliability and scientificity of assay results and acceptance rate of the article.

Long-term Cost Savings

Antibodies validated by KO/KD can decrease repeated experiments induced by unreliable results, save time and resources, and reduce comprehensive research costs.

Extension of Multiple Research Topics

Strictly validated antibodies are highly stable and reproducible, and can be used in different research projects safely, supporting the continuous advancement and development of scientific research.

How to Validate Antibodies via KO/KD?

To ensure the quality of antibodies, FineTest performs the strict KO validation process: Construct gene Knockout cells with CRISPR-Cas9 technology; Test via various applications like WB, IHC, IF etc; Ensure the staining only in wild samples; Signal in KO samples disappears completely; Perform cross-reaction and various applications in each batch to ensure high specificity, stability and reproducibility; Provide reliable antibody components to ELISA kits.

FineTest has developed KO/KD validated ELISA kits. Some products are listed below. Welcome to contact us for inquiry!

Cat.No Product Name Sensitivity Range
ER1393 Rat TNF-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit 2.344pg/ml 3.906-250pg/ml
QT-ER1393 Rat TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) QuickTest ELISA Kit 2.344pg/ml 3.906-250pg/ml
ER0042 Rat IL-6(Interleukin-6) ELISA Kit 37.5pg/ml 62.5-4000pg/ml
ER0042-HS Rat IL-6 (Interleukin-6) ELISA Kit 9.375pg/ml 15.625-1000pg/ml
ER20010-HS Rat IL-6 (Interleukin-6) ELISA Kit 4.688pg/ml 7.813-500pg/ml
QT-ER20010 Rat IL-6 (Interleukin-6) QuickTest ELISA Kit 4.688pg/ml 7.813-500pg/ml
EM0183-HS Mouse TNF-α(High sensitive Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha)ELISA Kit 0.938pg/ml 1.563-100pg/ml (1pg=270mIU)
EM0183 Mouse TNF-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit 2.344pg/ml 3.906-250pg/ml (1pg=270mIU)
QT-EM0183 Mouse TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) QuickTest ELISA Kit 2.344pg/ml 3.906-250pg/ml (1pg=270mIU)
EM0121 Mouse IL-6(Interleukin 6) ELISA Kit 9.375pg/ml 15.625-1000pg/ml (1pg=900mIU)
AQ-M0121-B Mouse HS-IL-6(High sensitive Interleukin 6) Accquant ELISA Kit 3.75pg/ml 6.25-400pg/ml
EM0121-HS Mouse IL-6 (Interleukin 6) ELISA Kit 1.875pg/ml 3.125-200pg/ml (1pg=900mIU)
QT-EM0121 Mouse IL-6 (Interleukin 6) QuickTest ELISA Kit 0.938pg/ml 1.563-100pg/ml (1pg=900mIU)
EH0302-HS Human HS-TNF-α(High sensitive Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit 1.875pg/ml 3.125-200pg/ml (1pg=76mIU)
EH0302 Human TNF-α(Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit 9.375pg/ml 15.625-1000pg/ml (1pg=76mIU)
QT-EH0302 Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) QuickTest ELISA Kit 9.375pg/ml 15.625-1000pg/ml (1pg=76mIU)
EH20037 Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) ELISA Kit 0.938pg/ml 1.563-100pg/ml
QT-EH20037 Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) QuickTest ELISA Kit 0.938pg/ml 1.563-100pg/ml
QT-EH0302-1S Human TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha) QuickTest ELISA Kit 0.7pg/ml 7.813-500pg/ml
EH0201 Human IL-6(Interleukin 6) ELISA Kit 2.813pg/ml 4.688-300pg/ml (1pg=110mIU)
AQ-H0201 Human HS-IL-6(High sensitive Interleukin 6) Accquant ELISA Kit 0.28pg/ml 0.46-30pg/ml
AQ-H0201-B Human HS-IL-6(High sensitive Interleukin 6) Accquant ELISA Kit 0.046pg/ml 0.078-5pg/ml
RTU-EH0201 Human IL-6(Interleukin 6) ELISA Kit 0.188pg/ml 0.313-20pg/ml (1pg=110mIU)
QT-EH0201 Human IL-6 (Interleukin 6) QuickTest ELISA Kit 0.28pg/ml 0.46-30pg/ml (1pg=110mIU)
QT-EH0201-1S Human IL-6 (Interleukin 6) QuickTest ELISA Kit 0.5pg/ml 4.688-300pg/ml

Product Comparison