Abstract: Cadherin protein is the important cell surface protein family, including E-Cadherin, N-Cadherin, VE-Cadherin, P-Cadherin, R-Cadherin and K-Cadherin. E-Cadherin is also called intercellular adhesion molecule-1(CDH1) and plays a key role in intercellular junction. CDH1 maintains cell adhesion and complete structure via involving in cell polarity and migration. The general expression in epithelial tissue is important …
Abstract: Programmed cell death-1(PD-1) and its ligand 1(PD-L1) are important immune checkpoints regulating adaptive immune response. PD-1 consists of 288 amino acids and is mainly expressed in activated T cell, B cell and tumor infiltrating lymphocyte. PD-L1 consists of 290 amino acids and is widely distributed in tumor and antigen presenting cells. They interact with …
Abstract: Non-specific antibody binding plays a key role in getting accurate results during flow cytometry. High non-specificity not only produces false positive signal, but also can conceal true biomarkers. Thus, it’s important to identify the source and effects of non-specificity. Optimization of experimental condition, proper antibody selection and strict control can effectively decrease non-specificity and …
Abstract: Controls play an important role in flow cytometry. Accurate and reliable results can’t be obtained without proper controls. First, signals are relative(e.g. diffused light and fluorescence signal). Thus, blank or unstained control is required to define signal range. Second, during setting gating of the target cell population, various controls help to determine the gating …
Abstract: Kallikrein 2(KLK2) is the trypsin-like serine protease, about 78% homologous with prostate-specific antigen(PSA). Androgen receptor(AR) regulated-KLK2 is specifically expressed in prostatic epithelial and cancer cells. KLK2 plays an important role in the development of prostate cancer, and relevant to tumor invasion. Thus, KLK2 is considered to be a potential biomarker for prostate cancer targeted …
Abstract: Blood tumor markers are biomolecules detecting and monitoring the existence and development of certain types of cancer. They usually evaluate concentration of specific substances in the body via detecting blood sample. The level of these substances may increase when suffering from some tumors. The increased level of markers is not induced by all tumors, …
Abstract: Accurate quantification of protein concentration plays an important role in a successful molecular biology and biochemical research. Protein is the key biomacromolecule featured with various types, complex structure and different molecular weight. Currently, protein quantification technologies are various with advantages and disadvantages. Thus, selection of calculating protein concentration depends on different experimental requirements. Keywords: …
Abstract: Insulin resistance refers to reduced cell response to insulin, leading to inefficient entrance of glucose into cells and more insulins secreted by pancreas. Long-term insulin resistance can increase the risk of Type 2 Diabetes and obesity due to heredity, improper diet and insufficient exercise etc. Treatments include improved diet, increased exercise, weight loss and …
Abstract: Prostate cancer is the common male cancer mainly found in the glandula surrounding the beginning of urethra. Early symptoms are not obvious. With the development of the disease, some symptoms may appear, such as dysuria, weak or interrupted urine flow, hematuria, osteodynia etc. Prostate cancer marker test is specified below, including PSA, PSP, PCA3, …
Abstract: Cervical cancer (CC) is a malignant tumor of the female genital tract, and mainly induced by HPV infection(especially HPV16 and 18). Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common one. CC is considered to be a sexually transmitted disease, since the key cause of disease development is persistent infection of HR-HPV. Early symptoms are not …
