Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension(PAH) is the pulmonary arteriole disease featured with persistent vasoconstriction, thickening and remodeling. The increased pulmonary vascular resistance causes right heart failure and even death. Normal pulmonary artery pressure is lower than systemic circulation pressure. If mPAP in resting conditions is above 25 mmHg, pulmonary hypertension is definitely diagnosed. Keywords: Pulmonary Hypertension, Increased …
Abstract: Flow cytometry detects cell surface markers(e.g. CD molecules) via fluorescence-labeled antibodies, and is widely applied in typing and functional analysis of immune cells. Besides surface flow cytometry staining, quantitative analysis can be performed for intracellular or nucleus cytokines, functional proteins and DNA content using fixation and permeabilization technology. Membrane permeability of different dyes is …
Abstract: Interleukin-12(IL-12) is mainly produced by monocyte macrophages. IL-12 promotes differentiation of helper T cell into Th1 cell with antitumor activity, and inhibits tumor promotion of Th2 cytokines via improving IFN-γ production and cell immune. IFN-γ mediated anti-angiogenesis plays an important role in immune regulation and antitumor. Roles of IL-12 family members(e.g. IL-12, IL-23, IL-27, …
Abstract: Flow cytometry is widely applied in immunology and hematology. Difficulties for analyzing brain tissue include complex cell interaction, high-fat induced interference with myelin debris and autofluorescence in brain tissue. Deep investigations on optimizing flow cytometry analysis for brain tissue have been conducted for improving accuracy and reliability, including cell separation, labeling method and data …
Abstract: Principle of Fc block can help to understand when to add Fc blocker during flow cytometry. Antibodies consist of Fab and Fc fragment. The Fab fragment specifically binds with antigens. Except T cells, all leukocytes express Fc receptors(e.g. CD16, CD32, CD64 etc). These receptors specifically bind with Fc fragment, leading to deviated results. Fc …
Abstract: Neutrophils are primary protectors against pathogens. The amount and function are very important for infection prevention. Stimulation of microorganisms produces reactive oxygen species(ROS), releasing neutrophil elastase(NE) and myeloperoxidase(MPO). Cleavage of histones by NE promotes chromatin condensation. Binding between MPO and chromatin enhances unfolding of structure. Finally, chromatin and anti-microbial proteins make up of neutrophil …
Abstract: Hyperuricemia is the excessive uric acid or decreased excretion induced metabolic disease, showing increased uric acid level in the blood. It’s the important pathogenic factor of arthrolithiasis, and closely relevant to hypertension, diabetes and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Deeper investigation on uric acid metabolism can help to explore its role in various diseases, providing new targeted …
Abstract: Overnight antibody staining is suitable for detecting weakly expressed antigen or low affinity antibody. Extended incubation duration can improve antigen-antibody binding, signal resolution, sensitivity and data accuracy. Besides, overnight staining can help to decrease background interference, experimental variability and antibody volume. Overnight staining can obviously improve detection effects of complex sample, stability and reproducibility. …
Abstract: Tandem dyes consist of covalently-bonded donor and acceptor fluorescent molecule, transferring energy to expand fluorescent choice of flow cytometry via FRET effects. Applications are wide but stability is poor. FRET efficiency is lower than 100%, often accompanied with fluorescent leakage in donor(e.g. PE signal in PE-Cy7). Besides, illumination or oxygen radicals can destroy acceptor …
Abstract: Atopic dermatitis(AD) is the chronic relapsing inflammatory dermatosis with severe pruritus and recurrent rash, greatly affecting patients’ quality of life. This disease coexists with some atopic disorders(e.g. hypersensitive rhinitis, asthma etc), showing abnormal features of immune system. Urgent treatment demands for moderate and severe patients are relief of persistent pruritus, rapid control of skin …
