FineTest Elisa kit contributes to the research on neurology and SARS-CoV-2. The immunoassay is designed to measure SLC24A6(NCLX) concentration in plasma.
Publication Details
Article Title: SARS-CoV-2 and mitochondrial proteins in neural-derived exosomes of COVID-19
Journal Title: Annals of Neurology
DOI: 10.1002/ana.26350
IF: 10.422
PMID: 35285072
Abstract: Objective: As SARS-CoV-2 is known to invade neural cell mitochondria, a plasma system for quantifying central nervous system proteins in living humans was used to investigate neuropathogenic mechanisms of long-COVID-19. Methods: SARS-CoV-2 proteins and mitochondrial proteins (MPs) in enriched plasma neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) and astrocyte-derived EVs (ADEVs) were quantified in resolved acute COVID-19 without post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC), PASC without neuropsychiatric manifestations (NP), PASC with NP and healthy controls. Results: NDEV and ADEV mean levels of SARS-CoV-2 S1 and nucleocapsid (N) proteins were higher in all PASC sub-groups than controls, but only N levels were higher in PASC with than without NP. Exosome marker CD81-normalized NDEV mean levels of subunit 6 of MP respiratory chain complex I and subunit 10 of complex III, and neuroprotective MPs Humanin and mitochondrial open-reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c) all were decreased significantly in PASC with NP but not in PASC without NP relative to controls. NDEV levels of MPs voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1) were decreased in PASC without and with NP, whereas those of calcium channel MPs mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), sodium/calcium exchanger (NCLX) and leucine zipper EF-hand containing transmembrane 1 protein (LETM1) were decreased only in PASC with NP. ADEV levels of MCU and NCLX only were increased in PASC without and with NP. Interpretation: Abnormal NDEV and ADEV levels of SARS-CoV-2 N and S1 protein and MPs correlate with NP and may be biomarkers for long-COVID prognostics and therapeutic trials.
Keywords: Biomarkers, COVID-19, Membrane Proteins, Mitochondrial Proteins, SARS-CoV-2
Immunoassay
| FineTest Product | Sample | Detection Target | Species |
| Human SLC24A6(Mitochondrial sodium/calcium exchanger protein) ELISA Kit (EH12341) | plasma | SLC24A6(NCLX) | Human |
Validated Image
Figure Source: Ann Neurol, 2022 Mar 13. doi: 10.1002/ana.26350.
Figure 2. COVID-19-associated alterations in NDEV levels of proteins in mitochondrial ion channels and translocators. Each point represents the value for one study participant after C81 normalization. The horizontal line depicts mean value. Statistical significance of the difference in level for each group was calculated relative to Ctl values by an unpaired t test; NS, not significant; +, p<0.05; *, p<0.01; **, p<0.001. The significance (p values) of differences between participants who had PASC w/ NP and those who had PASC w/o NP and between participants who had PASC w/ NP and those who had PASC w/ severe NP, respectively, were: NS and <0.05 for voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 1 (VDAC1) (A); <0.05 and This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. <0.001 for mitochondrial calcium uniporter protein (MCU) (B); <0.05 and <0.05 for mitochondrial Na+/Ca++ exchanger (NCLX) (C); <0.01 and <0.01 for leucine zipper EF-hand containing transmembrane 1 protein (LETM1) (D); NS and NS for N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 (NMDAR1) (E); and NS and NS for translocator protein (TSOP) (F). NP= neuropsychiatric abnormalities.