Abstract: In murine immunology research, IgG subclasses of monoclonal antibody play an important role in evaluating function and features. Types of mouse IgG subclasses include IgG1, IgG2a, IgG2b, IgG2c, IgG3 etc. Biological effects of these subclasses are different in immune system. IgG antibodies are commonly applied in research, diagnosis and treatment, and also involved in secondary immune response due to the longest half-life(20 - 24 days).
Keywords: Mouse IgG Subclasses, IgG Subclasses Differences, Immunity and Immune Response
1. Mouse IgG Subclasses Function
IgG1 is closely related to humoral immunity, and can efficiently neutralize foreign antigens. IgG2a has strong pro-inflammatory effects, and usually activate complement via involving in immune defense. It’s the important target in researches on infection and anti-tumor immunity. IgG2b plays an important role in immune regulation and inflammatory balance. It’s often applied in studying regulatory mechanism of immune response. IgG2c is only found in some mouse cell lines(e.g. C57BL/6). Its function is similar to IgG2a. IgG3 is capable of multivalent binding with low natural distribution, and usually applied in complement reaction research.
2. Antibodies Role in Immune System
Antibody functions are realized via various mechanisms, most of which are related to other functions of immune system. They can block the molecular interaction, and also activate classical complement pathway(complement-dependent cytotoxicity, CDC) via binding between C1q and antibody. Besides, binding with Fc receptor bridges immune response mediated by antibodies and cells.
Types of Antibodies Role:
(1) Blocking: block interaction between ligand and receptor;
(2) CDC: cause cytolysis via activating CDC;
(3) ADCC: bind with Fc receptor of effector cells to cause antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity;
(4) Promoting phagocytosis: promote phagocyte to phagocytize pathogen.
3. IgG Subclasses Lab Test
3.1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent Assay(ELISA)
ELISA is the common immunological method for measuring level of different IgG subclasses. It captures mouse IgG subclasses via specific antibodies and detects with secondary antibody.
3.2. Flow Cytometry(FCM)
Labelling different specific IgG antibodies to conduct quantitative and qualitative analysis via flow cytometry.
3.3. Immunoprecipitation(IP)
Conduct immunoprecipitation with specific anti mouse IgG antibodies to separate and identify relevant subclasses.
3.4. Western Blot(WB)
Separate IgG subclasses in the sample via SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. Then, conduct Western Blot with specific antibodies.
3.5. IHC Staining
Use specific antibodies to stain in tissue sections or cells. Observe expression of different IgG subclasses via the microscope.
4. Applications of Mouse IgG Products
Mouse IgG products are widely applied in immunology, diagnosis, treatment, antibody identification, immune response analysis, vaccine development, cell labelling and sorting. Sealant: seal the surface of solid phase material and reduce non-specific binding; Blocker: block non-specific binding between endogenous heterophilic antibody and antigen/antibody to improve sensitivity and specificity. Besides, they can be used as IgG control in biochemical testing. Protein stabilizer(referred antigen): observe immune efficacy in drug trial.
5. Recommended Products
5.1. ELISA Kits
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Cat.No |
Product Name |
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Mouse IgG (Immunoglobulin G) ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG (Immunoglobulin G) QuickTest ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG1 (Immunoglobulin G1) ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG1 (Immunoglobulin G1) QuickTest ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG2a (Immunoglobulin G2a) ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG2b (Immunoglobulin G2b) ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG3 (Immunoglobulin G3) ELISA Kit |
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Mouse IgG3 (Immunoglobulin G3) QuickTest ELISA Kit |
5.2. Antibodies
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Cat.No |
Product Name |
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APC Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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APC Mouse IgG2a,κ Isotype Control(C1.18.4) |
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APC Mouse IgG2b,κ Isotype Control(MPC-11) |
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FITC Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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FITC Mouse IgG2a,κ Isotype Control(C1.18.4) |
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FITC Mouse IgG2b,κ Isotype Control(MPC-11) |
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PE Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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PE Mouse IgG2a,κ Isotype Control(C1.18.4) |
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PE Mouse IgG2b,κ Isotype Control(MPC-11) |
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PerCP Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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PE/CY7 Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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PerCP/Cy5.5 Mouse IgG2b,κ Isotype Control(MPC-11) |
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FineTest®647 Mouse IgG1,κ Isotype Control(MOPC-21) |
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FineTest®647 Rat IgG2a,κ Isotype Control(2A3) |
5.3. Proteins
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Cat.No |
Product Name |
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Recombinant Mouse IgG1 Fc |
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Recombinant Mouse IgG2a Fc |
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Recombinant Mouse IgG2b Fc |
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Recombinant Mouse IgG3 Fc |
REFERENCES
[1]Cross-reactivity of mouse IgG subclasses to human Fc gamma receptors: Antibody deglycosylation only eliminates IgG2b binding, PMID: 32947169.
[2]Specificity of mouse and human Fcgamma receptors and their polymorphic variants for IgG subclasses of different species, PMID: 35133670.